ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the expression of salivary like protein 2(NETO2), G protein signal regulator 16(RGS16) in esophageal cancer and clinical pathological features and prognosis.MethodsOne hundred and ten patients with esophageal cancer treated with Cardiothoracic Surgery at Beijing Civil Aviation General Hospital(Peking University School of Civil Aviation Clinical Medicine) from June 2018 to May 2021 were collected. Immunohistochemistry and qPCR were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of NETO2 and RGS16 in tissues. The prognostic evaluation value of NETO2 and RGS16 mRNA in esophageal cancer was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curves. Kaplan Meier curves and COX regression analysis were used to analyze the impact of NETO2 and RGS16 mRNA on the prognosis of esophageal cancer.ResultsThe positive rates of NETO2 and RGS16 in esophageal cancer tissues were 83.64%(92/110) and 85.45%(94/110), respectively, which were higher than those in adjacent tissues by 10.91%(12/110) and 9.09%(10/110)(χ2=238.030, 262.428,all P<0.001). The expression levels of NETO2 and RGS16 mRNA in esophageal cancer tissues were higher than those in adjacent tissues, and the differences were statistically significant(t=238.030、262.428,all P<0.001).The positivity rates of NETO2 mRNA and RGS16 mRNA in TNM stage Ⅲ esophageal cancer tissues were higher than those in TNM stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ cancer tissues, and the differences were statistically signifi-cant(t/P=8.784/<0.001,12.226/<0.001). The AUC values of NETO2, RGS16, and their combination in predicting the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients were 0.849, 0.825, and 0.911, respectively. The combination of NETO2 and RGS16 showed better predictive efficacy than their individual predictions(and the differences were compared using the DeLong method)(Z=4.115, 4.672,all P<0.001). The 3-year survival rate of esophageal cancer patients with high expression of NETO2 was 38.46%(20/52), lower than 75.86%(44/58) of patients with negative expression, and the difference was statistically significant(Log Rank χ2=18.760, P<0.001). The 3-year survival rates of esophageal cancer patients with RGS16 positivity were 44.00%(22/50), lower than 70.00%(42/60) of patients with negative expression, and the difference was statistically significant(Log Rank χ2=9.982, P=0.002). TNM stage Ⅲ and NETO2/RGS16 positivity were factors affecting the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients [HR(95%CI)=1.730(1.434-2.099), 1.898(1.331-2.707), 2.060(1.921-2.279)].ConclusionThe expression of NETO2 and RGS16 is elevated in esophageal cancer, both of which are associated with TNM staging and serve as new prognostic markers for esophageal cancer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of Epiplakin 1(EPPK1), Lysophosphatidylcholinergic transaminase 1(LPCAT1) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) tissues, and their relationship with clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis.MethodsOne hundred and twelve ESCC patients admitted to the Department of Thoracic Surgery at the Guangyuan Central Hospital from May 2019 to May 2021 were selected as the research subjects. QPCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of EPPK1 and LPCAT1 in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues; Kaplan Meier curve analysis of the impact of EPPK1 and LPCAT1 protein expression on the survival prognosis of ESCC patients; Cox regression analysis of prognostic factors in ESCC patients.ResultsThe relative expression levels of EPPK1 and LPCAT1 mRNA in cancer tissues of ESCC patients were higher than those in adjacent tissues(t/P=31.452/<0.001, 25.380/<0.001); The positive rates of EPPK1 and LPCAT1 in ESCC cancer tissues were 64.29%(72/112) and 66.07%(74/112), respectively, which were higher than those in adjacent tissues(8.93%(10/112) and 12.50%(14/112), respectively(χ2/P=136.899/<0.001, 129.328/<0.001); The positive rates of EPPK1 and LPCAT1 proteins in ESCC cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis in TNM stage III are higher than those in TNM stage I-II without lymph node metastasis(χ2/P=28.910/<0.001,18.500/<0.001;20.931/<0.001,11.784/<0.001);The 3-year overall survival rate of the EPPK1 positive group was 43.06%(31/72), which was lower than the 85.00%(34/40) of the negative group(Log Rank χ2=9.748,P=0.002). The 3-year overall survival rate of the LPCAT1 positive group was 43.24%(32/74), which was lower than the negative group's 86.84%(33/38)(Log Rank χ2=10.110, P=0.001); TNM stage III, lymph node metastasis, EPPK1 positivity, and LPCAT1 positivity were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of ESCC patients[HR(95%CI)=1.730(1.434-2.099),1.531(1.215-1.930),1.898(1.331-2.707),1.677(1.124-2.501)].ConclusionThe elevated expression of EPPK1 and LPCAT1 in esophageal cancer are associated with adverse clinical and pathological features, and are new tumor markers for evaluating the poor prognosis of ESCC.

ObjectiveTo analyze the correlation between PD-L1 protein expression and the number of CD8+infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs) in gastric cancer and its predictive value for patient prognosis.Methods163 gastric cancer patients treated in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected to analyze the correlation between PD-L1 and CD8+TILs, as well as the relationship between PD-L1, CD8+TILs expression and clinical characteristics. The patients were followed up until June 2024, and their overall survival(OS) was recorded. Cox regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for prognostic mortality in gastric cancer patients, and Hosmer Lemeshow and ROC curve analysis models were used to assess the predictive value of prognostic mortality in gastric cancer patients.Results67 cases showed positive expression of PD-L1 and 96 cases showed negative expression; 69 cases of high-density expression and 94 cases of low-density expression of CD8+TILs in gastric cancer patients; According to Kendall's tau-b analysis, there was a negative correlation between PD-L1 expression and CD8+TILs expression in cancer patients(r=0.211, P=0.007). There were statistically significant differences(P<0.05) in TNM staging, differentiation degree, infiltration depth, tumor residue between the PD-L1 positive group and the PD-L1 negative group; There was a statistically significant difference in TNM staging between the CD8+TILs high-density group and the CD8+TILs low-density group(P<0.05). All patients were followed up until June 2024, with 23 deaths and 140 survivors. The Kaplan Meier curves of PD-L1 positive and PD-L1 negative groups, CD8+TILs high-density group, and CD8+TILs low-density group were compared and statistically significant(Log Rank(Mantel Cox) χ2=31.282, 10.257, P<0.001, P=0.001). According to survival function Cox regression analysis, tumor diameter ≥ 5cm, infiltration depth(T3-T4), lymph node metastasis, tumor residue, and PDL1 protein(positive) are risk factors for the prognosis of gastric cancer patients(P<0.05), while differentiation degree(medium high differentiation) and CD8+TILs(high density) are protective factors for the prognosis of gastric cancer patients(P<0.05). The Hosmer Lemeshow test was used to construct a predictive model for the prognosis of gastric cancer patients based on risk factors. The results showed a chi square(χ2) of 3.981 and a P-value of 0.895. ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of the logistic regression model for predicting the prognosis and mortality of gastric cancer patients was 0.945, the Youden index was 0.782, the sensitivity and specificity were 90.3% and 87.9%, respectively, and the accuracy was 90.8%.ConclusionHigh PD-L1 positive expression and low CD8+TILs density are closely related and are independent risk factors for prognosis and mortality in gastric cancer patients. The logistic regression model constructed through risk factors has good predictive value for the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.

ObjectiveTo study the expression of DEAD-box helicase 5( DDX5) and ubiquitin specific peptidase 22( USP22) in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HBV-HCC) tissues and their clinical prognostic significance.MethodsThe cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of 124 patients with HBV-HCC admitted to the Department of Oncology, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2020 to April 2021 were selected. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of DDX5 and USP22 mRNA and protein in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze the effect of DDX5 and USP22 protein expression on the survival and prognosis of patients with HBV-HCC; Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the prognostic factors of HBV-HCC patients.ResultsThe relative expression of DDX5 mRNA in cancer tissues of HBV-HCC patients was lower than that in adjacent tissues, and the relative expression of USP22 mRNA was higher than that in adjacent tissues(t/P=29.058/<0.001,44.386/<0.001); The positive rate of DDX5 protein in cancer tissues was lower than that in adjacent tissues(32.26 % vs.82.26 %), and the positive rate of USP22 protein was higher than that in adjacent tissues(64.52 % vs.9.68 %), the difference was statistically significant(χ2/P=63.335/<0.001,79.902/<0.001); The positive rate of DDX5 protein in HBV-HCC tissues with tumor maximum diameter ≥ 5cm and CNLC stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ was lower than that with tumor maximum diameter < 5cm and CNLC stage I, and the positive rate of USP22 protein was higher than that with tumor maximum diameter < 5cm and CNLC stage I(χ2/P=8.712/0.003,9.501/0.002;12.113/<0.001,9.983/0.002); The 3-year overall survival rate of DDX5 positive group was 82.50 %(33/40), which was higher than 44.05%(37/84) of DDX5 negative group(Log rank χ2=15.700,P<0.001). The 3-year overall survival rate of the USP22 positive group was 45.00 %(36/80), which was lower than that of the negative group(77.27 %, 34/44)( Log rank χ2=11.640,P=0.001);CNLC stage Ⅱ～ Ⅲ and USP22 positive were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of HBV-HCC patients[HR(95%CI)=1.451(1.081-1.946),1.449(1.044-2.024)], DDX5 positive was an independent protective factor[HR(95%CI)=0.655(0.471-0.911)].ConclusionDDX5 expression is down-regulated and USP22 expression is up-regulated in HBV-HCC tissues. Both of them play a promoting role in the occurrence and progression of HBV-HCC and are markers for evaluating the prognosis of HBV-HCC patients.