Research progress on the mechanisms and clinical applications of epigenetic editing in osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Abstract:Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a severe orthopedic disease that usually leads to structural destruction and functional loss of the femoral head. In recent years, research in epigenetics has revealed the important role of epigenetic modifications in the occurrence and development of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Epigenetic modifications, by regulating the expression patterns of genes, influence processes such as bone metabolism, cell apoptosis, and angiogenesis, thereby affecting the onset and progression of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA, play significant roles in osteonecrosis of the femoral head and provide a theoretical basis for new therapeutic strategies. This article reviews the mechanisms of action of epigenetic modifications in osteonecrosis of the femoral head and explores their potential value in clinical treatment of the disease, offering new ideas and strategies for its treatment.