Deep brain stimulation (DBS) outperforms pharmacotherapy in Parkinson's disease: effects on serum neuroprotection and excitability markers

Abstract:Objective To compare DBS+medication vs medication alone in PD. Methods A total of 158 patients with Parkinson's disease(PD) admitted to the Department of Neurology, Harbin Fourth Hospital from February 2022 to November 2024 were selected. According to the random number table method, they were divided into an observation group(79 cases) and a control group(79 cases). The control group received conventional drug therapy, while the observation group received deep brain stimulation(DBS) treatment in addition to the conventional drug therapy. The clinical efficacy, serum biochemical indicators, serum immune indicators, cerebral cortical excitability indicators, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of clinical efficacy in the observation group was 93.67%, which was higher than that in the control group(77.22%)(χ²/P=8.600/0.003). After treatment, the level of BDNF in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(t/P=4.575/<0.001), while the levels of NSE and S100β were lower than those in the control group(t/P=10.560/<0.001, 5.775/<0.001, respectively). The levels of IgM, IgA, and IgG in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(t/P=5.082/<0.001, 9.916/<0.001, 6.405/<0.001, respectively). The CMCT(Central Motor Conduction Time) and RMT(Resting Motor Threshold) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(t/P=7.263/<0.001, 5.025/<0.001, respectively), while the MEP(Motor Evoked Potential) was lower than that in the control group(t/P=7.725/<0.001). there="" was="" no="" statistically="" significant="" difference="" in="" the="" total="" incidence="" of="" adverse="" reactions="" between="" two="" p="">0.05). Conclusion DBS provides comprehensive neuroprotective and immunomodulatory benefits in PD.