This paper reported a case of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome secondary to migraine caused by patent foramen ovale, and reviewed the literature.

This paper reported a case of Turner type X-linked mental retardation syndrome with HUWE1 gene mutation, and reviewed the literature.

With the increase of age and the progress of chronic diseases, different types of blood pressure variability have increased the incidence of coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure and atrial fibrillation to a certain extent. This blood pressure variability is often manifested as orthostatic hypotension, postprandial hypotension, early morning hypertension and orthostatic hypertension in the process of hypertension reduction in elderly hypertensive patients, In clinical practice, timely identification and effective control of blood pressure fluctuations in the elderly will help further strengthen the individualized and accurate prevention and control of the elderly, reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and death, and is of great significance for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This article reviews the clinical manifestations, evaluation methods, target organ damage and related drug treatment of BPV in the elderly during hypotension.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma(PCNSL) is a rare type of non Hodgkin's lymphoma originating from the central nervous system(CNS). The pathological type is mainly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL), which is characterized by high invasion, high recurrence rate, high mortality, and the incidence rate is increasing year by year. At present, there is still a lack of effective detection means in the early detection and screening of PCNSL, efficacy evaluation, prognosis monitoring, etc. In recent years, many studies at home and abroad have shown that circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA) has extensive application value in tumor auxiliary diagnosis, molecular typing, therapeutic monitoring and efficacy evaluation. Plasma ctDNA detection has been recommended by the guidelines to guide the clinical medication of non-small cell lung cancer. There are also many studies on plasma ctDNA in systematic DLBCL, but few reports on cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) ctDNA in PCNSL. This article reviews the research progress of ctDNA and other potential biomarkers in CSF of PCNSL patients.

Intestinal microflora is a normal microorganism existing in human intestine, which plays an important role in human physiology and metabolic stability. In recent years, with the continuous deepening of research on intestinal flora by researchers, it is found that it has a close relationship with digestive system diseases, and also has a certain role in the occurrence and transformation of circulatory, nervous, respiratory, endocrine and other system diseases. This article focuses on exploring the role of intestinal flora and its metabolites in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and reviews its research progress in recent years, providing new scientific ideas for the intervention research of intestinal flora as a therapeutic target of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.