Objective To investigate micro RNA-605-5p(miR-605-5p) and tumor necrosis factor α in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) tissue and relationship between the expression level of inducible protein 3(TNFAIP3) and the 5-year survival of patients. Methods From February 2014 to January 2018, 87 patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection in Jiangbei Hospital, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University were selected. During the operation, NSCLC tissue and normal tissue adjacent to the cancer were taken. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of TNFAIP3 in NSCLC tissue and normal tissue adjacent to cancer. Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-605-5p and TNFAIP3 mRNA in NSCLC tissue and normal tissue adjacent to cancer; Follow up for 5 years after surgery and calculate the overall survival rate; Compare the expression levels of miR-605-5p and TNFAIP3 mRNA in NSCLC tissues between the survival group and the death group; Analyze the relationship between miR-605-5p, TNFAIP3 mRNA expression and clinical pathological characteristics in NSCLC tissue, the correlation between miR-605-5p and TNFAIP3 mRNA expression levels, the relationship between miR-605-5p, TNFAIP3 mRNA expression and patient survival, factors affecting 5-year survival of NSCLC patients, and the predictive value of miR-605-5p, TNFAIP3 mRNA expression levels on 5-year survival of patients. Results The positive rate of TNFAIP3 in NSCLC tissue was 25.29%, significantly lower than 57.47% in normal tissues adjacent to cancer(χ2/P=18.575/<0.001); The expression level of miR-605-5p in NSCLC tissue was significantly higher than that in normal tissue adjacent to cancer, while the expression level of TNFAIP3 mRNA was significantly lower than that in normal tissue adjacent to cancer(t/P=16.316/<0.001, 26.746/<0.001); The proportion of stage III and lymph node metastasis in TNM staging in the high expression group of miR-605-5p was significantly higher than that in the low expression group of miR-605-5p(χ2/P=21.611/<0.001, 6.472/<0.001); The proportion of stage III and lymph node metastasis in TNM staging was significantly higher in the low expression group of TNFAIP3 mRNA than in the high expression group of TNFAIP3 mRNA(χ2/P=15.783/<0.001, 13.839/<0.001); There is a negative correlation between miR-605-5p and TNFAIP3 mRNA expression level in NSCLC tissue(r/P=-0.453/<0.001); The 5-year overall survival rate of the miR-605-5p low expression group was 52.38%(22/42), significantly higher than the 26.67%(12/45) of the miR-605-5p high expression group, and the difference was statistically significant(χ2/P=6.034/0.014); The 5-year overall survival rate of the low expression group of TNFAIP3 mRNA was 21.95%(9/41), significantly lower than 54.35%(25/46) of the high expression group of TNFAIP3 mRNA, and the difference was statistically significant(χ2/P=9.557/0.002); The expression level of miR-605-5p in NSCLC tissue of the death group was significantly higher than that of the survival group, while the expression level of TNFAIP3 mRNA was significantly lower than that of the survival group(t/P=2.515/0.014, 6.678/<0.001); TNM stage III, lymph node metastasis, high expression of miR-605-5p, and low expression of TNFAIP3 mRNA are risk factors affecting 5-year survival in NSCLC patients [OR(95% CI)=1.998(1.326-3.010), 2.845(1.577-5.132), 1.760(1.206-2.569), 2.534(1.618-3.969)]; The AUC predicted by miR-605-5p, TNFAIP3 mRNA, and their combination for 5-year survival in patients were 0.761, 0.837, and 0.910, respectively. The combined AUC of miR-605-5p and TNFAIP3 mRNA was higher than the AUC predicted by miR-605-5p and TNFAIP3 mRNA alone(Z/P=2.716/0.007, 1.986/0.047). Conclusion High expression of miR-605-5p and low expression of TNFAIP3 in NSCLC tissue may jointly affect the 5-year survival of NSCLC patients, which has high predictive value for 5-year survival.

Objective To investigate the expression of myeloid Sexual inhibition cells(MDSCs) in the immune microenvironment of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with CD8+T cells.Methods From January 2020 to October 2021, 103 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed and treated by the Department of Oncology of the General Hospital of the Western Theater Command were selected. According to the prognosis, they were divided into non progression group and progression group. Before treatment, the percentage of MDSCs in mononuclear cells(PBMC) and the ratio of CD8+T cells were measured by flow cytometry. Compare the MDSCs ratio and CD8+T cell ratio in patients with different pathological characteristics, analyze the correlation between MDSCs ratio and CD8+T cell ratio, and the relationship between the two and the progression free survival rate of patients. Draw Kaplan Meier survival curves to compare the progression free survival rate of patients with different MDSCs ratios and CD8+T cells. Results During the follow-up of 103 patients, 5 cases were lost, 46 cases progressed, and 52 cases did not progress. Patients with infiltration depth T3/T4, lymph node metastasis had a higher MDSCs ratio than those with infiltration depth T1/T2, and no lymph node metastasis. The CD8+T cell ratio was lower than those with infiltration depth T1/T2, and no lymph node metastasis(t/P=2.570/0.012, 2.445/0.016, 2.954/0.004, 2.578/0.011); As the degree of differentiation decreases, the ratio of MDSCs shows an increasing trend, while CD8+T cells show a decreasing trend(F/P=5.993/0.004, 6.842/0.002); The ratio of MDSCs is negatively correlated with the ratio of CD8+T cells(r/P=-0.654/<0.001); The progression group had higher rates of infiltration depth, lymph node metastasis, CEA, CA199, and MDSCs compared to the non-progression group, while the differentiation degree and CD8+T cell ratio were lower than those of the non-progression group, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). Cox regression model analysis found that adjusting for infiltration depth, lymph node metastasis, differentiation degree, CEA After confounding with CA199, the ratio of MDSCs and CD8+T cells remained independent influencing factors for patient progression [HR(95% CI)=4.011(2.325-6.921), 0.267(0.178-0.402)]; Comparison of progression free survival rates among patients with different MDSCs ratios and CD8+T cell ratios, with statistically significant differences( χ2/P=8.911/0.003, 15.340/<0.001).Conclusion The increased proportion of MDSCs in the immune microenvironment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients may enhance the immune escape ability of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by inhibiting CD8+T cell activity, thereby promoting the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To explore the value of magnifying staining endoscopy combined with Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), CD34, CD105 and other angiogenesis molecules in the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer.Method One hundred and fifty-two patients with suspected early esophageal cancer or precancerous lesions detected at the Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Hainan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected for classification by the Japanese Esophageal Society(JES) under magnifying endoscopy, and their serum levels of VEGF, CD34, and CD105 were measured. Build a column chart model using R software, and evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the column chart and various serological indicators using the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC). Results Among 152 suspected early esophageal cancer or precancerous lesions patients, 80 cases were classified as type A(11 cases of early cancer), 51 cases as type B1(36 cases of early cancer), 14 cases as type B2(10 cases of early cancer), and 7 cases as type B3(6 cases of early cancer). The sensitivity and specificity of JES classification using magnifying endoscopy for diagnosing early esophageal cancer were 0.730 and 0.663, respectively; Serum VEGF, CD34, and CD105 gradually increased in patients with inflammatory response, mild atypical hyperplasia, severe atypical hyperplasia, and early esophageal cancer(F/P=1 536.000/<0.001,1 133.000/<0.001,3 156.000/<0.001), and their area under the curve(AUC) for diagnosing early esophageal cancer were 0.821, 0.772, and 0.687, respectively; The AUC of the diagnostic model for JES typing combined with serum biomarker nomograms under magnifying endoscopy is 0.922. Conclusion The combination of magnifying endoscopy JES typing and serum markers such as VEGF, CD34, and CD105 can be used for the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer, and its diagnostic accuracy is significantly higher than a single indicator.

Objective To explore the predictive value of serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), C-reactive protein(CRP) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in response to neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy for advanced rectal cancer, and to construct a related nomogram model. Methods From January 2019 to January 2022, 104 patients with advanced rectal cancer diagnosed and treated by liver laparoscopic surgery in the Digestive Vascular surgery Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were selected as the research objects. According to different neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment reactions, they were divided into a good response group of 21 patients and a poor response group of 83 patients. The clinical data, serum tumor markers and inflammatory factor expression levels of the two groups were compared; Multivariate logistic regression analysis is used to investigate the influencing factors of neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy response in mid to late-stage rectal cancer patients. A column chart model is constructed to predict neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy response in mid to late-stage rectal cancer patients. The calibration curve of the column chart model is plotted, and subject work characteristic curve(ROC) analysis and decision curve analysis are performed to evaluate the calibration ability and predictive effectiveness of the column chart model. Results The proportion of maximum tumor diameter, poorly differentiated tumor differentiation, TNM/T stage 4, and lymph node metastasis in the poorly responsive group was significantly higher than that in the well responsive group[(χ2)/P=3.536/<0.001, 5.785/0.029, 7.086/0.009, 5.349/0.034]; Poor response group serum CRP, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) CEA, carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9), Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were significantly higher than those in the well responded group(t/P=5.232/<0.001, 5.352/<0.001, 2.255/0.022, 4.462/<0.001, 2.145/0.031, 3.859/<0.001); the="" results="" of="" multivariate="" logistic="" regression="" analysis="" showed="" that="" high="" and="" il-6="" were="" independent="" risk="" factors="" affecting="" response="" to="" neoadjuvant="" radiotherapy="" chemotherapy="" in="" patients="" with="" advanced="" rectal="" cancer="" .="" a="" column="" chart="" model="" was="" constructed="" analyzed="" using="" calibration="" predicted="" value="" poor="" is="" good="" agreement="" actual="" observed="" p="">0.05). ROC analysis results show that the area under the curve(AUC) predicted by the combination of serum CEA, CRP, and IL-6 is 0.943(95% CI 0.834-0.987). Decision curve analysis results show that within most reasonable threshold probability ranges, The overall net return predicted by the combination of the three indicators is higher than that of a single indicator(Z/P=5.879/<0.001, 2.578/0.006, 2.178/0.023). Conclusion Serum CEA, CRP, and IL-6 are independent predictive factors affecting the response to neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with advanced rectal cancer. The column chart model constructed by combining three indicators has high predictive power and accuracy.

Objective To observe the levels of serum amyloid A4(SAA4) and kallikrein B1(KLKB1) in patients with nonmuscular invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC) and their effects on the prognosis after transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURBT).Methods One hundred NMIBC patients who received TURBT treatment in the Urology Department of Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University from January 2017 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects, and 60 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect serum levels of SAA4 and KLKB1 in NMIBC patients. Compare the serum levels of SAA4 and KLKB1 in NMIBC patients with different clinical and pathological characteristics. Pearson correlation analysis of the correlation between serum, SAA4, and KLKB1 levels in NMIBC patients. Kaplan Meier survival curve analysis(Log Rank test): The impact of serum SAA4 and KLKB1 levels on the prognosis of progression free survival(PFS) in NMIBC patients. COX proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of PFS prognosis in NMIBC patients.Results The serum levels of SAA4 and KLKB1 in the NMIBC group were on average higher than those in the control group(t=31.508, 22.825, P<0.001), and there was a positive correlation between serum SAA4 and KLKB1 levels(r=0.725, P<0.001). The serum levels of SAA4 and KLKB1 in T1 stage and high-grade NMIBC cancer were higher than those in Ta/tis stage and low-grade cancer tissues, respectively(t=7.244, 9.255, 13.718, 16.681, P<0.001). The 3-year PFS of patients with high and low levels of SAA4 were 42.86%(21/49) and 74.51%(38/51), respectively. The 3-year cumulative PFS of patients in the high-level SAA4 group was significantly lower than that of patients in the low-level group(χ2/P=8.275/0.004). The 3-year PFS of the KLKB1 high-level group and low-level group were 41.67%(20/48) and 75.00%(39/52), respectively. The 3-year cumulative PFS of patients in the high-level KLKB1 group was significantly lower than that of patients in the low-level group(χ2/P=10.420/0.001). Tumor stage T1, high pathological grade, high levels of SAA4, and KLKB1 are independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of PFS in NMIBC patients [HR(95%CI)=1.614(1.319-2.799), 1.917(1.319-2.799), 1.839(1.228-2.753), 1.744(1.245-2.443)].Conclusion The elevated levels of serum SAA4 and KLKB1 in NMIBC patients are associated with tumor TNM staging and pathological grading, and are independent factors affecting the prognosis of PFS in NMIBC patients.