ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between serum bone specific bone specific alkaline phosphatase(BALP), C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1(CX3CL1) levels, and disease severity and prognosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis(AS).MethodsRetrospective collected 153 AS patients admitted to the Department of Orthopedics, Tongchuan People's Hospital, from January 2019 to January 2024(AS group). Patients were divided into early-stage AS subgroup(41 cases), mid-stage AS subgroup(57 cases), and late-stage AS subgroup(55 cases) based on disease severity, and into unfavorable prognosis subgroup(55 cases) and favorable prognosis subgroup(98 cases) based on 6-month follow-up outcomes. Seventy healthy volunteers were included as the control group. Serum BALP and CX3CL1 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing unfavorable prognosis in AS patients, and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the predictive value of serum BALP and CX3CL1 levels for unfavorable prognosis.ResultsSerum BALP and CX3CL1 levels were significantly higher in the AS group compared to the control group(t/P=16.275/<0.001, 14.357/<0.001). BALP and CX3CL1 levels increased progressively with disease severity across early-stage, mid-stage, and late-stage AS subgroups(F/P=79.259/<0.001, 84.646/<0.001). The 6-month unfavorable prognosis rate among AS patients was 35.95%(55/153). Patients with unfavorable prognosis had higher rates of hip joint involvement, CRP, ESR, BALP, and CX3CL1 levels compared to those with favorable prognosis(t/P=27.546/<0.001, 3.943/<0.001, 4.020/<0.001, 6.245/<0.001, 7.012/<0.001). Logistic regression analysis identified hip joint involvement, elevated CRP, ESR, BALP, and CX3CL1 levels as independent risk factors for unfavorable prognosis in AS[OR(95%CI)=6.641(1.993-22.131),1.092(1.009-1.182),1.203(1.089-1.329),1.039(1.020-1.059),4.644(2.145-10.056)].The AUC for predicting unfavorable prognosis using serum BALP and CX3CL1 levels and their combined assessment was 0.775, 0.795, and 0.873, respectively, with the combined AUC significantly outperforming individual markers(Z/P=3.355/0.001, 2.666/0.008).ConclusionElevated serum BALP and CX3CL1 levels in AS patients are associated with increased disease severity and poor prognosis. The combination of serum BALP and CX3CL1 levels provides high predictive efficacy for assessing prognosis in AS patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between the expression levels of peripheral blood microRNA-21(miR-21) and microRNA-15b(miR-15b) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma(POAG) and the degree of optic nerve damage and inflammatory response.MethodsA total of 112 POAG patients admitted to Department of Ophthalmology, Wuhan University People's Hospital from March 2023 to March 2024 were included as the case group. Patients were assigned into mild subgroup(n=47), moderate subgroup(n=35), and severe subgroup(n=30) based on the degree of optic nerve damage assessed by the mean defect value(MD). Another 100 healthy individuals who underwent physical checkups were selected as the control group. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was applied to detect the expression levels of miR-21 and miR-15b in peripheral blood. Pearson correlation was applied to analyze the correlation between peripheral blood miR-21, miR-15b levels and inflammatory index in POAG patients. ROC curve was applied to analyze the evaluation value of peripheral blood miR-21 and miR-15b in assessing the degree of optic nerve damage.ResultsThe levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and peripheral blood miR-21 in the case group were obviously higher than those in the control group, while the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and peripheral blood miR-15b were obviously lower than those in the control group(t/P=3.902/<0.001, 9.209/<0.001, 4.913/<0.001, 17.764/<0.001). The level of miR-21 in peripheral blood of the severe subgroup was obviously higher than that of the mild and moderate subgroups, while the level of miR-15b was obviously lower than that of the mild and moderate groups(F/P=41.478/<0.001, 15.411/<0.001). The levels of inflammatory markers interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interleukin-18(IL-18) in the case group were obviously higher than those in the control group, while the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6) and interleukin-12(IL-12) in peripheral blood were obviously lower than those in the control group(t/P=19.781/<0.001, 28.338/<0.001, 20.271/<0.001, 16.786/<0.001). The level of miR-21 in peripheral blood of patients was positively correlated with inflammatory markers IL-1β and IL-18, and negatively correlated with IL-6 and IL-12. The level of miR-15b in peripheral blood was negatively correlated with inflammatory markers IL-1β and IL-18, and positively correlated with IL-6 and IL-12(r/P=0.572/<0.001, 0.632/<0.001,-0.518/<0.001,-0.498/<0.001,-0.621/<0.001,-0.563/<0.001, 0.598/<0.001, 0.612/<0.001). The area under the curve(AUC) of peripheral blood miR-21, miR-15b and their combination to evaluate the degree of optic nerve injury in POAG patients were 0.841, 0.757 and 0.898, respectively. The AUC of miR-21 and miR-15b in peripheral blood was better than that of Mir-21 and Mir-15b alone(Z/P=2.900/0.004, 2.743/0.006).ConclusionThe level of miR-21 in peripheral blood of POAG patients is obviously increased, while the level of miR-15b in peripheral blood is obviously decreased. They are closely related to the degree of optic nerve damage and inflammatory response. The combined detection of the two has higher evaluation value for the degree of optic nerve damage in POAG patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of intraocular cytokines and spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT) in patients with diabetes macular edema undergoing anti vascular endothelial growth factor treatment, and the impact on prognosis.MethodsEighty patients with DME were selected, and cytokine detection in aqueous humor was completed before receiving anti VEGF treatment. The correlation between these factors and the SD-OCT imaging characteristics of the patients before and after treatment was analyzed.ResultsThe levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and VEGF in the aqueous humor of the observation group were higher than those in the control group(t/P=18.836/<0.001,25.756/<0.001,7.321/<0.001,16.937/<0.001); The levels of IL-6, IL-8, VEGF in the aqueous humor of DME patients in the treatment insensitive subgroup, as well as the number of HF and the proportion of interruption of external membrane continuity, were lower than those in the treatment sensitive subgroup(t/P=3.767/<0.001, 2.867/0.005, 2.193/0.031, 3.353/0.001, 7.011/0.008); The VEGF levels and CMT thickness in the aqueous humor of DME patients in the interrupted subgroup were higher than those in the continuous subgroup(t/P=2.732/0.008, 2.193/0.031); The CMT of DME patients with elevated VEGF after anti VEGF treatment was lower than that before treatment(t/P=8.999/<0.01); The number of HF in DME patients is weakly positively correlated with VEGF levels in aqueous humor, and moderately positively correlated with IL-6 and IL-8 levels in aqueous humor(r/P=0.301/0.007, 0.536/0.023, 0.788/<0.001).ConclusionHF and interruption of ELM can be used as an observation indicator to evaluate the therapeutic effect of anti-VEGF. The patient's insensitivity to anti VEGF treatment may be considered as treated with hormonal drugs.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and clinical significance of serum interleukin-30(IL-30) and autophagy-related gene 5(ATG5) in psoriasis vulgaris(PV).MethodsA total of 100 PV patients(PV group) and 100 healthy controls(control group) were enrolled from January 2022 to August 2024 at the Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital. Based on disease severity, PV patients were further divided into mild PV subgroup(27 cases), moderate PV subgroup(37 cases), and severe PV subgroup(36 cases). Serum levels of IL-30, ATG5, T helper 17(Th17) downstream factors(IL-6, IL-17A), and regulatory T cell(Treg) downstream factors[IL-10, transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)]were measured by ELISA. Peripheral blood proportions of Treg, Th17, and the Treg/Th17 ratio were assessed using flow cytometry. Pearson correlation analyses were conducted to explore relationships between serum IL-30, ATG5 levels and disease severity, Th17-and Treg-related factors, and the peripheral blood Th17/Treg ratio. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of serum IL-30 and ATG5 for moderate to severe PV.ResultsCompared with the control group, the PV group showed significantly elevated serum IL-30, ATG5, IL-6, IL-17A, and peripheral Th17 levels and Th17/Treg ratio, while IL-10, TGF-β1(t/P=10.276/<0.001, 10.621/<0.001, 20.729/<0.001, 29.252/<0.001, 17.046/<0.001, 16.972/<0.001), and Treg proportions were decreased(t/P=18.426/<0.001, 28.000/<0.001, 12.506/<0.001). Serum IL-30, ATG5, IL-6, IL-17A, and peripheral Th17 levels and Th17/Treg ratio progressively increased across mild, moderate, and severe PV subgroups(F/P=176.054/<0.001, 201.964/<0.001, 172.705/<0.001, 192.062/<0.001, 213.010/<0.001, 256.673/<0.001), whereas IL-10, TGF-β1, and Treg levels progressively decreased(F/P=105.130/<0.001, 211.495/<0.001, 123.180/<0.001). Serum IL-30 and ATG5 levels were positively correlated with disease severity, IL-6, IL-17A, peripheral Th17 levels, and the Th17/Treg ratio(r/P=0.703/<0.001, 0.723/<0.001, 0.686/<0.001, 0.712/<0.001, 0.772/<0.001, 0.790/<0.001, 0.702/<0.001, 0.790/<0.001, 0.710/<0.001, 0.719/<0.001), and negatively correlated with IL-10, TGF-β1, and Treg levels(r/P=-0.633/<0.001,-0.678/<0.001,-0.768/<0.001,-0.767/<0.001,-0.643/<0.001,-0.707/<0.001). The AUCs for serum IL-30, ATG5, and their combined assessment in evaluating moderate to severe PV were 0.799, 0.784, and 0.876, respectively, with the combined AUC significantly outperforming each individual marker(Z/P=2.274/0.023, 2.414/0.016).ConclusionElevated serum IL-30 and ATG5 levels in PV patients are closely associated with disease severity and Th17/Treg imbalance. The combined assessment of IL-30 and ATG5 levels provides high diagnostic efficacy for moderate to severe PV.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and clinical prognostic value of Telomere Silencing Disruptor 1(DOT1L), Transcription Signal Transducer and activator 5B(STAT5B) in renal clear cell carcinoma(ccRCC).MethodsOne hundred and four patients with ccRCC who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from March 2019 to April 2021 were selected. Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of DOT1L and STAT5B in ccRCC cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. The correlation between DOT1L mRNA and STAT5B mRNA were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Kaplan Meier curve analysis was used to analyze the impact of DOT1L and STAT5B expression on progression free survival prognosis in ccRCC patients. The factors affecting the prognosis of progression free survival in ccRCC was analyzed by multifactorial Cox regression model.Resultsthe expression levels of DOT1L mRNA and STAT5B mRNA in ccRCC cancer tissues were higher than those in adjacent tissues, and the differences were statistically significant(t=40.071, 45.067,P<0.001). The expression levels of DOT1L mRNA and STAT5B mRNA in ccRCC cancer tissues were positively correlated(r=0.726,P<0.001). The positivity rates of DOT1L protein and STAT5B protein in ccRCC cancer tissues were 69.23%, 67.31%, higher than those in adjacent tissues 5.77%, 7.69%(t=89.354,78.851,P<0.001). The positivity rates of DOT1L protein and STAT5B protein in ccRCC cancer tissues with TNM stage Ⅲ and Fuhrman grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ were higher than those with TNM stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Fuhrman grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ, and the differences were statistically significant(χ2=19.492/<0.001, 10.963/0.001;10.316/0.001,17.148/<0.001). The 3-year progression free survival rate of the DOT1L positive and negative groups was 70.83%(51/72), lower than the negative group's 87.50%(28/32)(Log rankχ2=4.136,P=0.030); the 3-year progression free survival rate of the STAT5B positive group was 68.57%(48/70), lower than the negative group's 91.18%(31/34)(Log rankχ2=5.339,P=0.021). Fuhrman grading Ⅲ-Ⅳ, TNM stage Ⅲ, DOT1L positivity, and STAT5B positivity were risk factors affecting the prognosis of ccRCC progression free survival[HR(95%CI)=1.586(1.024-2.455),2.016(1.341-3.030),1.423(1.168-1.735),1.436(1.158-1.782)].ConclusionThe upregulation of DOT1L and STAT5B expression in cancer tissues of ccRCC patients synergistically promotes the progression of ccRCC and is a new indicator for evaluating the prognosis of progression free survival in patients.