Parkinson's disease(PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder in middle-aged and elderly populations. Its clinical manifestations encompass not only motor symptoms—such as bradykinesia, tremor, and rigidity—but also a variety of non-motor symptoms involving neuropsychiatric disturbances, autonomic dysfunction, sleep disorders, and sensory abnormalities. Due to the non-specific nature of these symptoms and their potential overlap with other age-related chronic conditions, treatment remains challenging. This article systematically reviews the current status of interventions for non-motor symptoms in PD, including both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Furthermore, in light of recent research advances, potential applications of emerging technologies—such as gene therapy and digital health tools—in the management of non-motor symptoms of PD are discussed, aiming to provide clinicians with more comprehensive treatment strategies and improve the quality of life for elderly PD patients.

The incidence of lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI) is high in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), which will aggravate disease severity, increase hospitalization rate and mortality. Therefore, how to quickly and accurately identify infection pathogens is of great significance for guiding clinical treatment and improving prognosis of patients. The traditional etiological detection methods have limitations such as low sensitivity and long duration. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology techniques, new techniques such as polymerase chain reaction(PCR), first-generation sequencing technology, metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS) and targeted next-generation sequencing(tNGS) have provided more efficient and accurate solutions for etiological diagnosis of COPD combined with LRTI. This article systematically reviews the application of the above-mentioned molecular biological detection techniques in the diagnosis of COPD combined with LRT, analyzes their advantages and limitations and looks forward to the future development direction so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Septic myocardial injury(SIMI) is one of the common and serious complications in sepsis patients, significantly affecting their survival rate and prognosis. In recent years, lisinopril has received widespread attention for its protective effects in cardiovascular disease as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI). Existing studies have shown that the application of lisinopril in sepsis induced myocardial injury plays an important role in reducing myocardial inflammation, lowering oxidative stress, resisting cell apoptosis, and improving myocardial energy metabolism. However, despite multiple studies exploring the mechanism of action of lisinopril, there are still issues such as inconsistent research results and unclear effects. The article aims to review the protective effects of lisinopril in sepsis induced myocardial injury, and explore its potential value and future research directions in clinical applications, providing important references for further clinical research.