Objective To investigate the expression of prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit α1(P4HA1) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1(HMGCS1) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) and their relationship with stemness-related genes and prognosis. Methods From June 2016 to January 2020, 122 NPC tissues and adjacent tissues were collected. RT-qPCR measured mRNA levels of P4HA1, HMGCS1, and stemness-related genes(OCT4, SOX2, NANOG). Immunohistochemistry detected protein expression. Pearson correlation analyzed relationships between P4HA1/HMGCS1 and stemness genes. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression evaluated prognostic factors. Results NPC tissues showed higher P4HA1, HMGCS1, OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG mRNA levels than adjacent tissues(t/P=44.831/<0.001, 45.243/<0.001, 44.210/<0.001, 50.142/<0.001, 40.642/<0.001). P4HA1 and HMGCS1 mRNA positively correlated with stemness genes(r/P=0.712,0.685,0.739,0.651,0.711,0.764, all P<0.001). Protein positivity rates for P4HA1(68.85% vs. 8.20%) and HMGCS1(67.21% vs. 7.38%) were higher in NPC( χ2/P=94.762/<0.001, 93.391/<0.001). TNM Ⅲ-Ⅳ patients had higher P4HA1/HMGCS1 positivity( χ2/P=30.417/<0.001, 12.594/<0.001). P4HA1/HMGCS1 positivity predicted poorer 5-year survival(60.71% vs. 86.84%; 59.76% vs. 87.50%; Log-rank χ2=8.154/0.004, 9.018/0.003). TNM Ⅲ-Ⅳ, P4HA1+, and HMGCS1+ were independent risk factors [HR=1.759(1.227-2.523), 1.861(1.313-2.638), 1.315(1.151-1.503)].Conclusion P4HA1 and HMGCS1 are upregulated in NPC, associated with stemness genes and TNM stage, serving as novel prognostic markers.

Objective To explore roxadustat's effects on diabetes-associated metabolic/liver dysfunction. Methods The experiments were conducted at the Animal Laboratory of the Changjiang Shipping General Hospital from August 2024 to January 2025. T2DM rats were induced by feeding high fat and high sugar feed and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. 60 T2DM rats were randomly divided into: model group, ROX low dose group(12.5 mg/kg), ROX medium dose group(25 mg/kg), ROX high dose group(50 mg/kg), metformin hydrochloride group(200 mg/kg), 12 animals in each group; another 12 normal rats were given normal feed for 8 weeks and normal saline was injected into the abdominal cavity as healthy control group; each group was given corresponding intervention for 8 weeks. Automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect the blood glucose, blood lipids and liver function indexes of rats, and the liver index was determined. Serum inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Liver tissue histopathology and fat accumulation were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and oil red O staining. The expression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway protein in liver tissue was detected by western blot. Results Compared with healthy control group, the liver tissue structure of rats in model group was disordered, the morphology of liver cells was changed, lipid vacuoles and large orange red areas appeared, and the degree of fat accumulation was serious; serum fasting blood glucose(FPG), fasting insulin(FINS), insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR), total cholesterol(TC), triacylglycerol(TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), liver index, C-reactive protein(CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), the expressions of TLR4, phosphorylated-NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)/NF-κB p65 protein in liver tissue were increased, and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) was decreased(t/P=12.983/<0.001, 10.640/<0.001, 19.194/<0.001, 16.195/<0.001, 17.406/<0.001, 17.660/<0.001, 14.805/<0.001, 13.273/<0.001, 9.039/<0.001, 10.590/<0.001, 16.086/<0.001, 20.255/<0.001, 22.789/<0.001, 14.976/<0.001, 9.824/<0.001). Compared with model group, the rats of ROX low, medium, and high dose groups and metformin hydrochloride group showed significant improvement in liver tissue lesions, reduced orange red area in liver cells, decreased degree of fat accumulation; serum FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR, TC, TG, LDL-C, ALT, AST, liver index, CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, TLR4, p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 protein expression in liver tissue were decreased, while HDL-C was increased(F/P=37.001/<0.001, 34.685/<0.001, 99.532/<0.001, 101.881/<0.001, 120.663/<0.001, 105.021/<0.001, 61.833/<0.001, 48.872/<0.001, 37.652/<0.001, 36.541/<0.001, 69.113/<0.001, 86.194/<0.001, 66.174/<0.001, 63.913/<0.001, 27.611/<0.001). The degree of decrease in serum FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR, TC,
TG, LDL-C, ALT, AST, liver index, CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, liver tissue TLR4, p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 protein expression in ROX low, medium, high dose groups and the degree increase in HDL-C were dose-dependent(F/P=19.952/<0.001, 18.082/<0.001, 48.212/<0.001, 63.192/<0.001, 88.165/<0.001, 66.031/<0.001, 31.735/<0.001, 27.221/<0.001, 22.784/<0.001, 22.072/<0.001, 40.682/<0.001, 48.306/<0.001, 39.842/<0.001, 44.825/<0.001, 14.002/<0.001). the="" liver="" tissue="" structure="" and="" morphology="" of="" rats="" in="" rox="" high="" dose="" group="" metformin="" hydrochloride="" were="" similar="" tended="" to="" be="" orange="" area="" cells="" was="" degree="" fat="" accumulation="" most="" significantly="" there="" no="" statistical="" significance="" glucose="" lipid="" metabolism="" function="" indexes="" inflammatory="" b="" pathway="" protein="" expression="" p="">0.05). Conclusion Roxadustat ameliorates diabetic liver injury by modulating glucose metabolism and TLR4/NF-κB signaling.

Objective To study the effects of protein regulator of cytokinesis 1(PRC1) overexpression on proliferation and apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells(GCs) damaged by phosphoramide mustard(PM). Methods From April 2023 to January 2024, conducted experiments in the laboratory of the Medical College of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine.Primary rat GCs were treated with PM to simulate chemotherapy injury. Lentiviral transfection achieved PRC1 overexpression. Groups: OE-NC(empty vector), OE-NC+PM, OE-PRC1, OE-PRC1+PM. CCK-8, EdU staining, flow cytometry, and Western blot assessed proliferation, apoptosis, and protein levels.Results PM reduced cell viability, EdU+ cells, Bcl-2, and PRC1 while increasing Bax and Cleaved-Caspase-3(all P<0.01). PRC1 overexpression reversed these effects(P<0.01 or P<0.05) and accelerated S-phase progression. OE-PRC1+PM showed lower apoptosis than OE-NC+PM(P<0.01). Conclusion PRC1 overexpression promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in chemotherapy-damaged GCs.

This article reports three cases from one family with Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy(CADASIL). Whole-exome sequencing analysis revealed that two of the patients carried the same heterozygous missense mutation c.665G>C(p.Cys222Ser) in exon 4 of the NOTCH3 gene. The diagnosis and treatment process are described, and a literature review is provided.

This article reports the clinical data of a patient who developed a sudden retroperitoneal hematoma due to a ruptured retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancy and includes a review of the relevant literature.