Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of peripheral blood soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(sTREM2) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β(PDGFR-β) in patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction( CMD). Methods A total of 126 patients with non-obstructive angina pectoris(ANOCA) admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University from January 2022 to December 2024 were prospectively selected and divided into CMD group(61 cases) and non-CMD group(65 cases) according to coronary flow reserve(CFR) and/or microcirculation resistance index(IMR). The caliper matching method was used to match the CMD group and the non-CMD group by 1 ∶1(matching tolerance 0.03), and 46 pairs of balanced samples of variables between groups were finally obtained. The levels of s TREM2 and PDGFR-β in peripheral blood were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between s TREM2 and PDGFR-β levels in peripheral blood of CMD patients after PSM and CFR and IMR. Multivariate Logistic regression and ROC curve were used to analyze the relationship between peripheral blood s TREM2, PDGFR-β levels and CMD occurrence and diagnostic value. Results Compared with the non-CMD group, the serum s TREM2 and PDGFR-β levels in the CMD group were increased(t = 5.447,4.906,P <0.001); the levels of s TREM2 and PDGFR-β in peripheral blood of CMD patients were negatively correlated with CFR and positively correlated with IMR(r =-0.734,-0.725; 0.739, 0.714; all P <0.001); After adjusting for confounding factors, high s TREM2 and high PDGFR-β were independent risk factors for CMD [OR(95%CI) = 1.006(1.003-1.010),1.601(1.232-2.081)]; The area under the curve of s TREM2 and PDGFR-β levels in peripheral blood and the combined diagnosis of CMD were 0.784, 0.768 and 0.870, respectively. The combined diagnosis value was better than that of the single diagnosis value(Z = 2.297,2.615, P = 0.022, 0.009).Conclusion The elevated levels of s TREM2 and PDGFR-β in peripheral blood of ANOCA patients are closely related to CMD. The combination of s TREM2 and PDGFR-β levels in peripheral blood has a high diagnostic value for CMD.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum levels of heat shock protein 47(HSP47), NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4(NLRC4), and resolvin D1(RvD1) and the condition and prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI). Methods A total of 124 TBI patients admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine of our hospital from September 2022 to September 2024 were selected as the observation group. Another 105 age-matched healthy volunteers undergoing physical examinations during the same period were selected as the healthy control group. Serum levels of HSP47, NLRC4, and Rv D1 were measured by ELISA. According to the Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) scores, patients were divided into mild(n = 55), moderate(n = 25), and severe(n = 44) TBI groups. Based on the Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS) scores, patients were categorized into a good prognosis subgroup(n = 70) and a poor prognosis subgroup(n = 54). ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of serum HSP47, NLRC4, and Rv D1 for the prognosis of TBI patients. Additionally, relative risk analysis was performed to explore the relative risk of different serum levels of HSP47,NLRC4, and Rv D1 on the prognosis of TBI patients. Results Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly higher serum HSP47 and NLRC4 levels and a lower serum Rv D1 level(t/P = 9.531/< 0.001, 10.188/< 0.001,10.561/<0.001). As the severity of TBI increased(mild → moderate → severe), serum HSP47 and NLRC4 levels significantly increased, while the serum Rv D1 level decreased(F/P = 53.882/<0.001, 71.180/<0.001, 46.400/<0.001). The poor prognosis subgroup had higher serum HSP47 and NLRC4 levels and lower serum Rv D1 levels than the good prognosis subgroup(t/P =7.545/<0.001, 7.273/<0.001, 6.780/<0.001). Patients with high serum levels of HSP47 and NLRC4 had significantly lower GCS scores than those with low levels, and patients with low serum Rv D1 levels had significantly lower GCS scores than those with high levels(t/P = 25.739/<0.001, 24.993/<0.001, 25.188/<0.001). The areas under the ROC curve(AUC) of serum HSP47, NLRC4, Rv D1, and their combination for predicting poor prognosis were 0.828, 0.821, 0.806, and 0.941, respectively.The predictive efficacy of the combination was superior to that of each indicator alone(Z = 3.555/< 0.001, 3.770/< 0.001,3.794/<0.001). The incidence of poor prognosis in patients with high serum levels of HSP47 and NLRC4 was 4.333 and 3.388 times that of patients with low levels, respectively, and the incidence in patients with low serum Rv D1 levels was 3.722 times that of patients with high levels(χ 2= 50.468, 35.826, 38.194; all P <0.001). Conclusion Serum HSP47 and NLRC4 levels are elevated, while serum Rv D1 levels are decreased in TBI patients, and these factors may be involved in the development of TBI and affect its prognosis. The combined prediction using the three biomarkers has high value in predicting the prognosis of TBI patients.

Objective To explore the predictive value of serum protein/nucleic acid decarboxylase 1(DJ-1) and soluble cluster of differentiation 93(sCD93) for poor prognosis in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD). Methods A total of 220 patients with AECOPD admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine at Yixing People' s Hospital from November 2023 to March 2025 were enrolled in the AECOPD group.Patients were assessed and categorized into mild(n = 75), moderate(n = 61), and severe(n = 84) subgroups. Based on prognosis, patients were further categorized into a favorable subgroup(n = 136) and an unfavorable subgroup(n = 84). Concurrently, 137 stable-phase COPD patients treated at the hospital formed the stable-phase group, while 169 healthy individuals undergoing routine health examinations served as the healthy control group. ELISA was used to detect serum levels of DJ-1 and s CD93. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing poor prognosis in patients with AECOPD. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of serum DJ-1 and s CD93 for poor prognosis in AECOPD patients. Decision curve analysis(DCA) was used to assess the clinical applicability of the predictive model. Results Serum DJ-1 and s CD93 levels were higher in the AECOPD group than in the stable-phase group and the healthy control group(F/P = 705.358/<0.001, 594.916/<0.001). Among AECOPD patients, serum DJ-1 and s CD93 levels were highest in the severe subgroup, followed by the moderate subgroup, and lowest in the mild subgroup(F/P = 60.385/<0.001, 49.865/<0.001).Patients with poor prognosis exhibited a higher proportion of severe disease, as well as elevated levels of WBC, DJ-1, and s CD93 compared to those with favorable prognosis(t/χ 2/P = 43.100/<0.001, 8.398/<0.001, 7.916/<0.001, 8.687/<0.001), while FEV 1 and FVC were lower(t/P = 16.158/<0.001, 18.091/<0.001). Severe disease and elevated serum DJ-1 and s CD93 levels were risk factors for poor prognosis[OR(95%CI) = 2.073(1.267-3.390), 2.192(1.378-3.488), 2.435(1.503-3.944)], while elevated FEV 1 and FVC levels were protective factors [OR(95%CI) = 0.731(0.571-0.936), 0.694(0.533-0.904)]. The AUC values for predicting poor prognosis in AECOPD patients using serum DJ-1, s CD93 individually, and their combination were0.810, 0.801, and 0.944, respectively. The combined prediction outperformed the individual predictions of DJ-1 and s CD93(Z = 3.785, 4.218; both P <0.001). The risk threshold probability ranged from 0.01 to 0.83, and the net benefit of the joint model in predicting poor prognosis was higher than that of serum DJ-1 or s CD93 alone. Conclusion Serum DJ-1 and s CD93 levels are elevated in AECOPD patients with poor prognosis, and their combination has high predictive value for poor prognosis in AECOPD patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1(LRG1) and S100 calcium-binding protein A14(S100A14) in predicting recurrence and metastasis after laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer.Methods A total of 220 patients with colon cancer who underwent laparoscopic radical resection at the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Shiyan from July 2020 to June 2022 were included as the colon cancer group, along with 90 patients with benign colon lesions who sought medical attention during the same period as the control group. The levels of serum LRG1 and S100A14 in biobank-stored samples were detected. Based on whether recurrence or metastasis occurred within 3 years after surgery, colon cancer patients were divided into a recurrence and metastasis subgroup and a non-recurrence and non-metastasis subgroup. Clinical data and the levels of LRG1 and S100A14 were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the influencing factors for recurrence and metastasis after laparoscopic radical resection for colon cancer. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of serum LRG1 and S100A14 levels for recurrence and metastasis after laparoscopic radical resection for colon cancer.Results The serum levels of LRG1 and S100A14 were higher in the colon cancer group than in the control group(t/P = 24.094/<0.001, 29.156/<0.001). Compared with the recurrence and metastasis subgroup, the non-recurrence and non-metastasis subgroup of colon cancer patients had a higher proportion of well-differentiated/lower proportion of poorly differentiated tumors, a higher proportion of TNM stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ/lower proportion of stage Ⅲ, a lower proportion of lymph node metastasis, and lower levels of LRG1 and S100A14(χ 2/t/P = 23.979/<0.001, 11.324/0.001, 22.861/<0.001, 5.990/<0.001,6.469/<0.001). Poor differentiation, TNM stage Ⅲ, lymph node metastasis, and high levels of LRG1 and S100A14 were risk factors for postoperative recurrence and metastasis [OR(95%CI) = 25.953(3.077-218.923), 10.057(1.151-87.835), 3.231(1.379-7.569), 1.041(1.023-1.060), 1.481(1.249-1.756)]. The areas under the curve(AUCs) for serum LRG1, S100 A14 levels, and their combination in predicting postoperative recurrence and metastasis in colon cancer patients were 0.760, 0.758,and 0.833, respectively. The combined prediction was superior to the individual predictive values(DeLong method was used to compare the differences)(Z = 2.921, 2.647; P = 0.003, 0.008). Conclusion The levels of serum LRG1 and S100A14 are closely related to recurrence and metastasis after laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer and can be used as risk factors to predict the risk of recurrence and metastasis after laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer.

Objective To investigate the correlation of serum myeloperoxidase(MPO) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) levels with the treatment response to standard chemotherapy regimens in patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).Methods A total of 118 AML patients admitted to the Department of Hematology, Yifu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from February 2022 to January 2025 were enrolled. All patients received standard chemotherapy. Treatment response was assessed between 21 and 28 days after chemotherapy completion. Patients achieving complete remission were assigned to the good response group(n = 70), and the remaining to the poor response group(n = 48). Serum MPO and LDH levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing treatment response and to construct a predictive model. The predictive performance of serum MPO, LDH, and the combined model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves. The interaction between MPO and LDH on treatment response was assessed by relative excess risk due to interaction(RERI), attributable proportion(AP), and synergy index(SI). Results Of the 118 AML patients, 70(59.32%) achieved complete remission after standard chemotherapy and were included in the good response group. The poor response group showed lower serum MPO levels and higher LDH levels than the good response group(t/P = 4.791/<0.001, 4.585/<0.001). Additionally, the poor response group had higher age, a greater proportion of extramedullary infiltration, and a higher percentage of bone marrow blasts(t/χ 2/P = 3.905/<0.001, 3.648/<0.001,4.810/0.028). Logistic regression indicated that older age, extramedullary infiltration, higher bone marrow blast percentage, and elevated LDH were risk factors for poor treatment response [OR(95%CI) = 1.197(1.086-1.318), 7.756(1.477-40.724), 1.160(1.058-1.272), 1.021(1.010-1.032)], while higher serum MPO was a protective factor [OR(95%CI) = 0.985(0.976-0.994)].The areas under the ROC curve(AUCs) for serum MPO alone, LDH alone, their combination, and the predictive model were0.744, 0.704, 0.787, and 0.911, respectively. The predictive model showed the highest value(Z/P = 3.161/0.002, 3.616/<0.001,2.426/0.015). A positive interaction was observed between serum MPO and LDH on treatment response. Conclusion Serum MPO and LDH levels are associated with the response of AML patients to standard chemotherapy. Patients with lower MPO and higher LDH levels before chemotherapy are at increased risk of poor treatment response.