ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of peroxiredoxin 4(PRDX4) and alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase(ALG3) in breast cancer and their relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis.MethodsThe cancerous tissue, paracancerous tissue and related data of 126 patients with breast cancer diagnosed and treated in General Surgery Department of Renhe Hospital Affiliated to Three Gorges University during June 2020 to June 2022 were retrospectively collected. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of PRDX4 and ALG3 proteins in tissues. According to the protein expression, patients were separated into negative expression group and positive expression group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was applied to screen for factors affecting 2-year prognosis.ResultsThe proportions of PRDX4 positive expression and ALG3 positive expression in cancer tissues were higher than those in adjacent tissues(χ2/P=68.980/<0.001, 72.278/<0.001). The proportions of T2-T4, N1-N2, poorly differentiated tissues, and lymph node metastasis in the PRDX4 positive expression group and ALG3 positive expression group were higher than those in the PRDX4 negative expression group and ALG3 negative expression group(χ2/P=8.749/0.003, 14.655/<0.001, 15.935/<0.001, 15.154/<0.001; 7.653/0.006, 9.559/0.002, 17.594/<0.001, 9.433/0.002). The 2-year survival rate of patients with positive expression of PRDX4(52/85, 61.18%) was lower than that of patients with negative expression of PRDX4(35/41, 85.37%) in breast cancer(χ2=7.572, P=0.006). The 2-year survival rate of patients with positive expression of ALG3(54/89, 60.67%) was lower than that of patients with negative expression of ALG3(33/37, 89.19%) in breast cancer(χ2=9.943, P=0.002). The proportion of T2-T4 and N1-N2 stages in the death group was higher than that in the survival group(χ2/P=8.188/0.004, 8.022/0.005). PRDX4 positive expression and ALG3 positive expression were independent risk factors for death of breast cancer patients within 2 years[HR(95%CI)=2.759(1.462～5.207), 2.805(1.469～5.356)].ConclusionThe positive expression rates of PRDX4 and ALG3 in breast cancer tissues are higher than those in adjacent tissues. The high expression of both is related to T stage, N stage, tissue differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis, and prognosis.

ObjectiveTo study the expression of nucleolin 2(NUCB2) and integrinβ3(ITGB3) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) and their prognostic value in NPC patients.MethodsThe cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of 94 patients with NPC who were admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University from March 2017 to March 2018 were collected. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of NUCB2 and ITGB3 mRNA and protein in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the effect of NUCB2 and ITGB3 mRNA expression on the survival and prognosis of NPC patients. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the prognostic factors of NPC patients.ResultsThe positive rates of NUCB2 and ITGB3 protein expression in cancer tissues of NPC patients were 95.74 %(90/94) and 87.23%(82/94), respectively, which were higher than 8.51 %(8/94) and 10.64 %(10/94) in adjacent tissues(χ2/P=143.323/<0.001, 29.139/<0.001); The relative expression of NUCB2 and ITGB3 mRNA in cancer tissues of NPC patients was higher than that in adjacent tissues, and the difference was statistically significant(t/P=49.760/<0.001, 43.704/<0.001); The expression levels of NUCB2 and ITGB3 mRNA in NPC tissues of TNM stage Ⅲ ～ Ⅳ were higher than those of TNM stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ(t/P=17.443/<0.001, 14.275/<0.001). The 5-year overall survival rate of NUCB2 high expression group was 52.17 %(24/46), which was lower than that of NUCB2 low expression group(83.33 %, 40/48)(Log-rank χ2=10.941, P=0.001); The 5-year overall survival rate of ITGB3 high expression group was 53.33 %(24/45), which was lower than 81.63 %(40/49) of ITGB3 low expression group(Log-rank χ2=9.832,P=0.002). TNM stage Ⅲ ～ IV, increased NUCB2 mRNA and increased ITGB3 mRNA were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of NPC patients[OR(95%CI)=1.608(1.225-2.112),1.839(1.228-2.753),1.738(1.246-2.426)].ConclusionThe mRNA and protein expressions of NUCB2 and ITGB3 are up-regulated in NPC tissues. They are involved in the progression of NPC tumors and are markers for evaluating the prognosis of NPC patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the impacts of sinomenine(SN) on interleukin-1β(IL-1β) induced autophagy and apoptosis in articular chondrocytes by regulating the adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase(AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)/UNC-51-like kinase 1(ULK1) signaling pathway.MethodsJoint chondrocytes were grouped into control group(normal culture), IL-1βgroup(induced with 10 ng/mL IL-1β for 12 hours), L-SN, M-SN, H-SN groups(adding SNs of 25, 50, and 100 μM on the basis of IL-1β induction), and SN+Compound C group(adding 10 μmol/L AMPK inhibitor Compound C pn the basis of the H-SN group). MTT assay, transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects of SN on proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis of articular chondrocytes in each group. ELISA kit was applied to detect the expression of COX-2, TNF-α, MMP-3, and MMP-13 of cells in various groups. Western blotting(WB) was applied to detect the protein expression of p-AMPK, AMPK, p-mTOR, mTOR, p-ULK1, and ULK1 in the cells of each group.ResultsCompared with the Control group, the A490 values of articular chondrocytes, the expression of p-AMPK/AMPK and p-ULK1/ULK1 proteins in the IL-1β group were decreased, the autophagy vacuole count, apoptosis rate, the expression of COX-2, TNF-α, MMP-3, MMP-13, and p-mTOR/mTOR proteins were increased(P<0.05). Compared with IL-1β group, the A490 value, number of autophagic vacuoles, the expression of p-AMPK/AMPK and p-ULK1/ULK1 proteins in the L-SN group, M-SN group, and H-SN group were increased, the apoptosis rate, the expression of COX-2, TNF-α, MMP-3, MMP-13, and p-mTOR/mTOR proteins were decreased(P<0.05). Compared with H-SN group, the A490 value, number of autophagic vacuoles, the expression of p-AMPK/AMPK and p-ULK1/ULK1 proteins in the SN+Compound C group were decreased, the apoptosis rate, the expression of COX-2, TNF-α, MMP-3, MMP-13, and p-mTOR/mTOR proteins were increased(P<0.05).ConclusionSN can promote IL-1β induced autophagy in articular chondrocytes and inhibit cell apoptosis, which may be achieved by activating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway.

Drug eluting stent(DES) are widely recommended for primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). However, DES implantation can affect vascular autoregulatory function and is linked to risks of stent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis. This has led to the proposal of the "no implant intervention" concept. Drug coated balloon(DCB) release medication uniformly upon contact with the vascular endothelium, effectively inhibiting excessive intimal hyperplasia and improving myocardial perfusion without the need for permanent implants. While limited studies have reported on the clinical efficacy of DCB in Primary PCI(PPCI), this article provides a review of the relevant clinical research progress.

Microplastics and nanoplastics(MNPs) widely exist in food, water, air and daily necessities, and humans may be exposed through intake, inhalation and skin contact. Studies have found that MNPs has many effects on the heart, including arrhythmia, pericardial edema, impaired cardiac function, etc. Even when it is exposed with other pollutants, the adverse reaction is less than that of single exposure. This paper reviews the effects of MNPs on the heart, so as to provide ideas for making therapeutic decision of diseases related to MNPs and exploring the use of MNPs for disease diagnosis and treatment in the future.