Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of probiotics and vitamin D assisted montelukast sodium in the treatment of obese children with asthma. Methods A total of 90 obese asthmatic children were selected from the Pediatric Department of the 980th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force from September 2020 to April 2023, and were randomly divided into three groups of 30 cases each. All groups received conventional treatment with montelukast sodium, and on this basis, group 1 was given probiotics, group 2 was given vitamin D, and the observation group was given probiotics and vitamin D. Observe the efficacy and safety of the children, as well as the changes in lung function before and after treatment[percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1%) pred, exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO), percentage of peak expiratory flow(PEF%) pred], Th17/Treg cytokines[interleukin-10(IL-10), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-17(IL-17)], T-box(T-bet)/GATA binding protein 3(GATA-3) expression of T cells, Th1/Th2 cytokines [interleukin-4(IL-4), interferon-gamma(IFN-γ), IFN-γ/IL-4], adipocytokines [leptin, adiponectin, serine protease inhibitor(vaspin)]. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 100.00%, which was not significantly different from that of the control group 1 and control group 2(90.00% and 86.67%, respectively)(P>0.05); after treatment, the PEF%pred and FEV1%pred of the observation group were higher than those of the control group 1 and control group 2(F/P=19.134/<0.001 and 9.613/<0.001), and FeNO, the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-17 were lower than those of the control group 1 and control group 2(F/P=14.069/<0.001,27.374/<0.001,45.591/<0.001), while the serum level of IL-10 was higher than that of the control group 1 and control group 2(F/P=58.689/<0.001); the T-bet and T-bet/GATA-3 levels were higher than those of the control group 1 and control group 2, while the GATA-3 level was lower than that of the control group 1 and control group 2(F/P=14.137/<0.001,92.423/<0.001,13.984/<0.001); the serum levels of IFN-γ and IFN-γ/IL-4 were higher than those of the control group 1 and control group 2(F/P=103.381/<0.001 and 749.586/<0.001), while the serum level of IL-4 was lower than that of the control group 1 and control group 2(F/P=114.110/<0.001); 1="" there="" was="" no="" significant="" difference="" in="" the="" above="" indicators="" between="" control="" group="" and="" all="" p="">0.05); after treatment, the serum levels of leptin and vaspin in the observation group were lower than those of the control group 1 and control group 2(F/P=69.470/<0.001 and 17.835/<0.001), while the adiponectin level in the observation group was higher than that of the control group 1 and control group 2(F/P=47.148/<0.001). Conclusion Probiotics and vitamin D assisted montelukast sodium treatment can improve lung function in obese children with asthma, regulate adipocyte cytokines, T-bet/GATA-3 expression, Th1/Th2, and Th17/Treg cells, and have a definite therapeutic effect.

Objective To investigate the correlation between peripheral blood soluble urokinase type plasminogen activator receptor(suPAR), tyrosine kinase/signaling and transcription activating factor(JAK/STAT) signaling pathways and airway remodeling in children with bronchial asthma(BA). Methods One hundred and six children with BA admitted to the Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department of Gaochang District People's Hospital in Turpan City from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the study subjects(BA group). According to the asthma grading criteria, they were divided into intermittent subgroups(n=58), mild subgroups(n=29), and moderate to severe subgroups(n=19). 106 healthy children who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as the healthy control group. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure serum suPAR levels, while real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to measure serum JAK and STAT levels. Compare the serum levels of suPAR, JAK, STAT, lung function, and airway remodeling among different groups of children; Analyze the relationship between serum suPAR levels, JAK/STAT, lung function, and airway remodeling in children with BA. Results Compared with the healthy control group, the serum levels of suPAR, JAK, STAT, the ratio of airway wall thickness to airway outer diameter(T/D), and the percentage of total airway wall area to total airway area(WA%) in the BA group were all increased(t/P=20.572/<0.001, 16.640/<0.001, 16.182/<0.001, 14.414/<0.001, 19.359/<0.001), and the percentage of forced expiratory volume(FEV1) to expected value at the first second(FEV1%) The percentage of FEV1 to forced lung capacity(FEV1/FVC) decreased(t/P=22.796/<0.001, 15.559/<0.001); In the intermittent state subgroup, mild subgroup, and moderate to severe subgroup of BA patients, serum levels of suPAR, JAK, STAT, T/D, and WA% increased sequentially(F/P=23.667/<0.001, 52.475/<0.001, 30.306/<0.001, 76.897/<0.001, 62.594/<0.001), while FEV1%, FEV1/FVC decreased sequentially(F/P=99.545/<0.001, 91.936/<0.001); Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum levels of suPAR, JAK, and STAT were significantly negatively correlated with FEV1% and FEV1/FVC(suPAR: r/P=-0.467/<0.001,-0.424/<0.001, JAK: r/P=-0.601/<0.001,-0.560/<0.001, STAT: r/P=-0.458/<0.001,-0.412/<0.001), and were correlated with T/D WA% showed a significant positive correlation(suPAR: r/P=0.427/<0.001, 0.411/<0.001, JAK: r/P=0.541/<0.001, 0.455/<0.001, STAT: r/P=0.477/<0.001, 0.484/<0.001), and FEV1%, FEV1/FVC were significantly negatively correlated with T/D and WA%(T/D: r/P=-0.627/<0.001,-0.546/<0.001, WA%: r/P=-0.590/<0.001,-0.504/<0.001). Conclusion The high expression of suPAR and activation of JAK/STAT pathway may be related to the occurrence and development of BA, and the levels of suPAR and JAK/STAT pathway are closely related to airway remodeling in children with BA, which is expected to become new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of BA.

Objective To explore the relationship between serum homologous box gene A1(HOXA1) and SMAD family member 3(SMAD3) mRNA expression, cognitive function, and prognosis in patients with vascular dementia(VD) induced by ischemic stroke. Methods Two hundred and forty-one patients with ischemic stroke admitted to the Neurology Department of Jinqiu Hospital in Liaoning Province from January 2021 to February 2023 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into dementia group(n=117) and non dementia group(n=124) based on whether VD occurred 3 months later. According to the prognosis of functional impairment three months after discharge, dementia patients were divided into grade I subgroup(n=48), grade II subgroup(n=43), and grade III subgroup(n=26). Spearman correlation analysis of the correlation between serum HOXA1 and SMAD3 mRNA expression in patients with ischemic stroke induced VD and the Mini Mental State Scale(MMSE) score; The predictive value of receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis of serum HOXA1 and SMAD3 mRNA expression for predicting grade III functional impairment in patients with ischemic stroke induced VD. Results Compared with the non dementia group, the serum mRNA expression of HOXA1 and SMAD3 in the dementia group were significantly increased(t=30.176, 16.855, P<0.001); The mRNA expression of serum HOXA1 and SMAD3 in the mild, moderate, and severe subgroups increased sequentially, and the differences were statistically significant(F=308.625, 153.360, P<0.001); Compared with the subgroups of grade I to II with prognostic dysfunction, the serum mRNA expression of HOXA1 and SMAD3 in the grade III subgroup patients were significantly increased(t=8.274, 9.396, P<0.01); The Spearman correlation analysis results showed that the serum mRNA expression of HOXA1 and SMAD3 in patients with ischemic stroke induced VD were significantly negatively correlated with MMSE scores(r=-0.564,-0.518, P<0.01); The AUC of serum HOXA1, SMAD3, and their combined prediction of grade III prognostic dysfunction in patients with ischemic stroke induced VD were 0.772, 0.831, and 0.899, respectively. The combined AUC of the two was greater than the single indicator(Z/P=2.001/0.045, 2.116/0.034). Conclusion HOXA1 and SMAD3 are closely related to cognitive function and prognosis in VD patients caused by ischemic stroke, and serum mRNA expression of HOXA1 and SMAD3 have high application value in predicting prognostic dysfunction in VD patients caused by ischemic stroke.

Objective To investigate the Serum Growth Associated Protein-43(GAP-43) in Children with Epilepsy α-Synaptic nuclear protein( α-Syn) level, analyze the diagnostic value of both for pediatric epilepsy. Methods Eighty pediatric epilepsy patients diagnosed and treated in the Pediatric Department of Linfen People's Hospital from April 2019 to April 2022 were included as the epilepsy group, 50 children with syncope were included as the syncope group, and 50 children with inguinal hernia were included as the control group. Detection of serum GAP-43 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay α-Syn level. Compare the differences in serum GAP-43 levels among three groups of children with epilepsy and different clinical features α-Differences in Syn levels. Pearson correlation analysis of serum GAP-43 α-The correlation between Syn and seizure severity scale score(NHS3). The diagnostic value of serum GAP-43, α-Syn and combination in pediatric epilepsy were analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results Serum GAP-43 levels in epilepsy groupcontrol group(F/P=821.793/<0.001,419.176/<0.001); The serum GAP-43 levels in children with epilepsy were elevated in patients with focal seizures and no cognitive impairment(t/P=8.745/<0.001, 10.070/<0.001), α-Syn levels decreased in patients with focal seizures and no cognitive impairment(t/P=4.236/<0.001, 14.881/<0.001), and="" there="" was="" no="" statistically="" significant="" difference="" between="" the="" two="" in="" terms="" of="" abnormal="" head="" p="">0.05); The serum GAP-43 level is significantly negatively correlated with NHS3 score(r/P=-0.645/<0.001), and the serum α-The level of Syn is significantly positively correlated with NHS3 score(r/P=0.702/<0.001); Serum GAP-43 α-The AUC of Syn and two combined predictions for pediatric epilepsy were 0.740, 0.738, and 0.835, respectively. The AUC of the two combined predictions was higher than that of the single prediction(Z=4.482 and 4.391, P<0.001). Conclusion The serum GAP-43 in children with epilepsy decreases, α-The elevated level of Syn is related to the type of epilepsy and cognitive impairment, and the combination of the two has high diagnostic value for pediatric epilepsy.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum long chain non coding RNA-HOX transcript antisense interRNA(lncRNA HOTAIR) and microRNA-197-3p(miR-197-3p) levels with psychiatric symptoms and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia(SCZ). Methods One hundred and eighteen patients with SCZ treated in the Department of Psychiatry of Guangzhou Medical University Affiliated Brain Hospital from April 2021 to March 2023 were selected as the study subjects(SCZ group), and 110 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as the healthy control group. Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT PCR) was used to detect serum levels of lncRNA HOTAIR and miR-197-3p, and participants were evaluated for positive and negative symptom scale(PANSS) scores and cognitive function; Pearson Spearman correlation coefficient analysis of serum lncRNA HOTAIR and miR-197-3p levels, as well as their correlation with psychiatric symptoms and cognitive function; The evaluation value of receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis of serum lncRNA HOTAIR and miR-197-3p levels for SCZ. Results Compared with the healthy control group, the serum lncRNA HOTAIR expression level in the SCZ group increased, while the miR-197-3p level decreased(t/P=9.859/<0.001, 19.191/<0.001). Bioinformatics predicts that there is a binding site between lncRNA HOTAIR and miR-197-3p. The Pearson correlation analysis results showed a negative correlation between lncRNA HOTAIR expression and miR-197-3p expression in the serum of SCZ patients(r=-0.543, P<0.001). Compared with the healthy control group, the positive symptoms, negative symptoms, general pathological symptoms, and total score of the SCZ group were significantly increased(t/P=31.623/<0.001, 28.219/<0.001, 48.918/<0.001, 39.574/<0.001). TMT, BACS, WMS-III-SS, BVMT, HVLT, CPT, and SCWT were tested in a single test The color test score significantly decreased(t/P=6.520/<0.001, 7.666/<0.001, 4.114/<0.001, 8.191/<0.001, 5.902/<0.001, 4.985/<0.001, 13.060/<0.001, 8.938/<0.001). The level of lncRNA HOTAIR in SCZ patients is positively correlated with negative symptoms and total score(r/P=0.498/<0.001, 0.507/<0.001), and negatively correlated with TMT and CPT(r/P=-0.476/<0.001,-0.485/<0.001); MiR-197-3p is negatively correlated with negative symptoms and total score(r/P=-0.408/<0.001,-0.453/0.009), and positively correlated with TMT and CPT(r/P=0.449/0.001, 0.517/<0.001). The AUC predicted by serum lncRNA HOTAIR, miR-197-3p, and their combination for the occurrence of SCZ were 0.819, 0.885, and 0.927, respectively. The combined prediction of AUC was significantly higher than their individual predictions(Z/P=4.580/<0.001, 2.953/0.003). Conclusion Serum lncRNA HOTAIR is upregulated and miR-197-3p is downregulated in SCZ patients, which is associated with psychiatric symptoms and cognitive function.